14.8.2.2 :results

There are four classes of :results header arguments. Each ‘src’ code block can take only one option per class.

• collection for how the results should be collected from the ‘src’ code block
• type for which type of result the code block will return; affects how Org processes and inserts results in the Org buffer
• format for the result; affects how Org processes and inserts results in the Org buffer
• handling for processing results after evaluation of the ‘src’ code block

Collection

Collection options specify the results. Choose one of the options; they are mutually exclusive.

• value Default. Functional mode. Result is the value returned by the last statement in the ‘src’ code block. Languages like Python may require an explicit return statement in the ‘src’ code block. Usage example: :results value.
• output Scripting mode. Result is collected from STDOUT during execution of the code in the ‘src’ code block. Usage example: :results output.

Type

Type tells what result types to expect from the execution of the code block. Choose one of the options; they are mutually exclusive. The default behavior is to automatically determine the result type.

• table, vector Interpret the results as an Org table. If the result is a single value, create a table with one row and one column. Usage example: :results value table.
• list Interpret the results as an Org list. If the result is a single value, create a list of one element.
• scalar, verbatim Interpret literally and insert as quoted text. Do not create a table. Usage example: :results value verbatim.
• file Interpret as path to a file. Inserts a link to the file. Usage example: :results value file.

Format

Format pertains to the type of the result returned by the ‘src’ code block. Choose one of the options; they are mutually exclusive. The default follows from the type specified above.

• raw Interpreted as raw Org mode. Inserted directly into the buffer. Aligned if it is a table. Usage example: :results value raw.
• org Results enclosed in a BEGIN_SRC org block. For comma-escape, either TAB in the block, or export the file. Usage example: :results value org.
• html Results enclosed in a BEGIN_EXPORT html block. Usage example: :results value html.
• latex Results enclosed in a BEGIN_EXPORT latex block. Usage example: :results value latex.
• code Result enclosed in a ‘src’ code block. Useful for parsing. Usage example: :results value code.
• pp Result converted to pretty-print source code. Enclosed in a ‘src’ code block. Languages supported: Emacs Lisp, Python, and Ruby. Usage example: :results value pp.
• drawer Result wrapped in a RESULTS drawer. Useful for containing raw or org results for later scripting and automated processing. Usage example: :results value drawer.

Handling

Handling options after collecting the results.

• silent Do not insert results in the Org mode buffer, but echo them in the minibuffer. Usage example: :results output silent.
• replace Default. Insert results in the Org buffer. Remove previous results. Usage example: :results output replace.
• append Append results to the Org buffer. Latest results are at the bottom. Does not remove previous results. Usage example: :results output append.
• prepend Prepend results to the Org buffer. Latest results are at the top. Does not remove previous results. Usage example: :results output prepend.